Which symptoms are considered part of the nephrotic syndrome in children select all that apply?
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome accounts for about 90% of children with nephrotic syndrome. What Is Nephrotic Syndrome?Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the following symptoms that result from changes that occur to the small, functional filters in the kidneys, such as:
What Are the Different Types of Nephrotic Syndrome?The type of nephrotic syndrome that is most common in children is called idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. It accounts for about 90 percent of children with nephrotic syndrome. Idiopathic means that a disease occurs with no known cause. The most common type of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is called minimal-change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS). Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is more common in boys than girls. With MCNS, the child usually has relapses of the illness, but the disease can usually be managed and prognosis is usually good. In rare cases, a child may develop kidney failure that requires dialysis. There is a rare nephrotic syndrome present in the first week of life called congenital nephrotic syndrome. Congenital nephrotic syndrome is inherited by an autosomal recessive gene, which means that males and females are equally affected, and the child inherited one copy of the gene from each parent, who are carriers. The chance for carrier parents to have a child with congenital nephrotic syndrome is one in four, or 25 percent, with each pregnancy. The outcome for this type of nephrotic syndrome is extremely poor. What Are the Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome?The following are the most common symptoms of nephrotic syndrome. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:
The symptoms of nephrotic syndrome may resemble other conditions and medical problems. Always consult your child's doctor for a diagnosis. How Is Nephrotic Syndrome Diagnosed?In addition to a thorough physical examination and complete medical history, your child's doctor may recommend the following diagnostic tests:
What Is the Treatment for Nephrotic Syndrome?Specific treatment for nephrotic syndrome will be determined by your child's doctor based on:
During the initial episode of nephrotic syndrome, your child may require hospitalization. He or she may need to be monitored if the edema is severe or if he or she has blood pressure and/or breathing problems. Medications may be required to treat initial symptoms and during relapses. These medications may include:
The medications used to treat nephrotic syndrome weaken the immune system so your child should not receive live vaccines. If your child has been exposed to chickenpox and has not already had the vaccine, the vaccine may be recommended. What Is the Long-Term Outlook for Nephrotic Syndrome?Relapses do occur throughout childhood. However, once a child reaches puberty, the disease usually stays in remission (complete or partial absence of symptoms). It is uncommon for symptoms to return during adulthood; however, it is possible. You Might Also Be Interested In
Blog Nephrotic Syndrome: More Serious Than You ThinkWhen you see the words “nephrotic syndrome,” you might think the words describe a specific disease that impacts a particular part of the body. Because we know “nephro” means kidney, we know this is a disease in the kidneys. But this isn’t quite true.
Nephrotic SyndromeNephrotic syndrome happens when protein passes from the kidneys into the urine through tiny filters in the kidneys. When this happens, there is too little protein in the blood. What are the signs and symptoms of childhood nephrotic syndrome?What are the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome in a child?. Extreme tiredness (fatigue). A general feeling of discomfort (malaise). Decreased appetite.. Weight gain and facial swelling.. Belly swelling or pain.. Foamy urine.. Fluid buildup in the body (edema). Fluid buildup in the belly area (ascites). What are the 3 key features of nephrotic syndrome?Symptoms. Severe swelling (edema), particularly around your eyes and in your ankles and feet.. Foamy urine, a result of excess protein in your urine.. Weight gain due to fluid retention.. Fatigue.. Loss of appetite.. |