Windows Subsystem for Android Windows 11
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In this articleWindows Subsystem for Android™️ enables your Windows 11 device to run Android applications that are available in the Amazon Appstore. Android is a trademark of Google LLC. If you're a developer interested in targeting Windows desktop devices and optimizing for the Windows operating system, this guide is for you. To make your Android app available on Windows 11 devices, you must:
For more information or support:
This guide can help you test and debug your Android app on Windows:
Developer GitHubWant to learn more about Windows Subsystem for Android roadmap, discuss developer issues and file bugs or feature requests with the subsystem team? Visit the Windows Subsystem for Android Developers GitHub. Preview ProgramThe Windows Subsystem for Android™️ Preview Program allows users to receive early-preview builds of the Windows Subsystem for Android™ and Amazon Appstore on Windows. For more details, visit the Preview Program page. Set up your development environmentTo test your Android app in the Windows desktop environment, a bit of set up will be required. PrerequisitesWindows Subsystem for Android is available on Windows 11. Your device must meet specific requirements: Device requirements. Install the Amazon AppstoreThe Microsoft Store will automatically install Windows Subsystem for Android silently in the background when either of the two following user actions are taken:
The Amazon Appstore and the Windows Subsystem for Android Settings app will then appear in the Windows 11 Start menu and be available on search, offering a catalogue of Android apps. Note The Amazon Appstore on Windows (a requirement for running Android apps on Windows 11) is available in select regions. Windows Subsystem for Android™️ Settings appTo access the Windows Subsystem for Android Settings app, go to: Start > All Apps > Windows Subsystem for Android™️ Settings. Learn more about specific settings app features: Manage settings for mobile apps on Windows. Input compatibility considerations for Windows devicesThere are a few unique input behaviors to consider that will likely require updates to your Android app code, designed for handheld devices, to be compatible when running on a Windows desktop device via the Amazon Appstore. Keyboard inputFor text input fields handled by an on-screen virtual
keyboard input method (or IME), such as For keystrokes that cannot be anticipated by the framework, apps will need to handle the behavior themselves. If this is already implemented in-app, no extra work is required. As an example, some games may already support movement facilitated via
keyboard, through The following are keyboard inputs that developers should consider code updates for when building for Windows 11 devices:
Learn more about how to optimize for these keyboard input scenarios on desktop devices by following the Android documentation:
Mouse inputDevelopers should consider updating code for the following mouse inputs when building for Windows devices:
Mouse input, similar to keyboard input, must follow the official Android app guidelines. This means using the
Window management and resizingUnlike traditional mobile form factors, Android apps running on Windows 11 can be freely resized, should be responsive in their resizing, and can be snapped using Windows actions/gestures. Minimum screen requirementWindows 11 enforces a minimum screen requirement of 720p resolution (1280x720) with a >9” screen. Letter & pillar boxingWhen the aspect ratio of a window size does not align between the device screen sizes that window is being displayed on, the result may be Letterboxing (the window is wider than it is high, or horizontally longer) or Pillarboxing (the window is more narrow than it is wide, or vertically longer). The result is bars being placed on the sides of the window in order to center it. These bars may be light- or dark-themed depending on the system settings selected. This will only occur as necessary when the Android app is snapped or maximized, allowing Android apps to take advantage of the rich snapping features in Windows and integrate into the windowing model. Additional resizing considerationsThe following should also be considered when updating an Android app to run on a Windows 11 device with respect to window management and resizing:
Learn more about how to optimize for window resizing scenarios on desktop devices by following the Window Management guide in the Android docs. Test and debugTo test and debug your app on a Windows 11 device using the Windows Subsystem for Android the following set up steps are required. Enable developer mode in Windows SettingsYou must first enable developer mode in Windows Settings. There are three ways to enable developer mode:
Connect to the Windows Subsystem for Android for debuggingTo connect to the Windows Subsystem for Android VM for debugging:
Connect to a test deviceTo connect to a test device (with Windows Subsystem for Android installed) on the same network from Windows/Mac:
The To use Android Debug Bridge (ADB) to connect your development workstation directly to your Android device so you can install packages and evaluate changes, see Android Debug Bridge in the Android Open Source Project docs. Debug your appWhile apps should be installed using the Amazon Appstore, debugging an Android app on a Windows device is possible using an APK (Android application package) and adb (Android Debug Bridge). To debug an APK using adb:
Building Universal APKsWindows Subsystem for Android utilizes Intel Bridge Technology to emulate Arm applications on x86 based processors. Arm applications will run on Arm based processors natively. The emulation layer will induce a performance overhead – for optimal performance, submit your application for both the x86-64 and Arm64 architectures. VM lifecycle considerationsWindows Subsystem for Android utilizes a virtual machine (VM) which provides compatibility with the AOSP framework and devices like keyboards, mice, touch, pen, etc. There are three possible states for the VM running apps with Windows Subsystem for Android:
Transitions between these states are triggered by user activity, such as launching or interaction with the Android app or an app notification. Android apps are paused and then stopped when their window is minimized. VM PropertiesThe properties for the Windows Subsystem for Android VM are listed below. Hardcoding these values is not recommended as that could cause future incompatibilities.
SecurityWindows Subsystem for Android performs per-file encryption that is software-based. Both Windows kernel-mode drivers and Windows applications running at medium integrity level (IL) can inspect arbitrary Android containers and Android app memory. There are no plans to add detection for cheats/macro/bot/suspicious behaviors detection in the short-term. Developers querying Uninstalling Windows Subsystem for AndroidYou can uninstall the Windows Subsystem for Android, but note that all associated apps will also be uninstalled.
Troubleshooting issuesIf you encounter issues specific to the Amazon Appstore on Windows, try the following troubleshooting steps:
For further troubleshooting steps relating to the Windows Subsystem for Android Settings app or to leave feedback using Feedback Hub, see Troubleshooting and FAQ for mobile apps on Windows. For any other developer questions and support, use the Windows Subsystem for Android tag on Microsoft Q&A. Additional resources
FeedbackSubmit and view feedback for Is Windows Subsystem for Android available on Windows 11?UPDATED 11/18/2022: On Windows 11, you can now install Windows Subsystem for Android (WSA) on your computer to add support to install and run Android apps from the Amazon Appstore (or sideload).
Will WSL work on Windows 11?Run "wsl --install -d Distro", replacing "Distro" with the name of a Linux distro, to install a specific distribution instead of Ubuntu. You can install additional Linux distros from the Terminal or the Microsoft Store. The Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) lets you run Linux software on your Windows 11 PC.
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