What was an outcome of the 1996 Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act quizlet?

Physical Abuse
Non-accidental physical injury as a result of caretaker acts
Physical abuse frequently includes shaking, slapping, punching, beating, kicking, biting and burning

Sexual Abuse
Involvement of dependent, developmentally immature children and adolescents in sexual
activities which they do not fully comprehend and to which they are unable to give informed consent
Sexual abuse includes touching, fondling and penetration
Neglect
Failure of caretakers to provide for a child's fundamental needs. Although neglect can include children's necessary emotional needs, neglect typically concerns adequate food, housing, clothing, medical care and education
Emotional/Psychological Abuse
The habitual verbal harassment of a child by disparagement, criticism, threat and ridicule
Emotional or psychological abuse includes behavior that threatens or intimidates a child
Includes threats, name calling, belittling and shaming

Child maltreatment is behavior toward a child that is outside the norms of conduct and entails substantial risk of causing physical or emotional harm.
Physical Abuse
Non-accidental physical injury as a result of caretaker acts
Physical abuse frequently includes shaking, slapping, punching, beating, kicking, biting and burning
Sexual Abuse
Involvement of dependent, developmentally immature children and adolescents in sexual
activities which they do not fully comprehend and to which they are unable to give informed consent
Sexual abuse includes touching, fondling and penetration
Neglect
Failure of caretakers to provide for a child's fundamental needs. Although neglect can include children's necessary emotional needs, neglect typically concerns adequate food, housing, clothing, medical care and education
Emotional/Psychological Abuse
The habitual verbal harassment of a child by disparagement, criticism, threat and ridicule
Emotional or psychological abuse includes behavior that threatens or intimidates a child
Includes threats, name calling, belittling and shaming

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Retreat from gay rights: In 1993, President Clinton conceded to opponents of gay rights and reneged on a campaign promise to lift the ban on gay people serving in the military. He instead introduced the problematic "don't ask, don't tell" policy, which forbade official inquiry into service people's sexual orientation, and allowed the dismissal of those who acknowledged engaging in homosexual behavior. In 1996, he made it illegal for the federal government to recognize same-sex marriages licensed by individual states when he signed the Defense of Marriage Act.
Welfare reform: In 1996, President Clinton signed the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act, which abolished Aid to Families with Dependent Children, better known as welfare. The new law reduced protections for the poor by limiting welfare payments to two consecutive years and establishing a lifetime limit of aid at five years. Clinton's support for this legislation signaled a dramatic shift from the Democratic Party's New Deal legacy of expanding government provisions for social welfare.
Deficit reduction: Republican control of Congress and the Reagan legacy of a massive deficit ensured that President Clinton restricted the growth of government spending. His fiscal policies contributed to a reduction of the deficit and the maintenance of a buoyant economy. Clinton's focus on deficit reduction reflected in part an adoption of traditionally conservative policy concerns.
3. What obstacles stood in the way of Obama's reform agenda? (pp.1068-1071)
Economic crisis: When Obama took office, he confronted the worst economic crisis since the 1980s. A recession hit in 2008, sending home mortgage foreclosures skyrocketing, leading major companies to file for bankruptcy, and the unemployment rate to rise to 9.8 percent, the highest rate in more than twenty-five years.
Republican opposition: Republicans opposed Obama's efforts at health care reform. Nonetheless, Obama achieved passage of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, which provided 30 million Americans health insurance.
Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan: Obama continued the Bush administration's plan to withdraw from Iraq, but dealt with an increasingly corrupt government in Afghanistan where an additional 50,000 military personnel were dispatched in hopes that the United States could begin to draw down its commitment by mid-2011.
Tea Party revolt: Frustrated Americans expressed their fury at what they considered an over-reaching government by joining a grassroots movement calling itself the Tea Party. This intensely polarizing revolt complicated Obama's efforts at reform in environmental and immigrant policy.

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