______ is a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat.
- Combustion
- Oxidation
- Catalyst
- Burning
Answer [Detailed Solution Below]
Option 1 : Combustion
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The correct answer is Combustion
- Combustion is a chemical process in which, a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat. The original substance is called the fuel, and the source of oxygen is called the oxidizer.
- Combustion is defined as a rapid exothermic reaction that liberates substantial energy as heat and flames as combustion reactions with the ability to propagate through a suitable medium.
- Actually, combustion is a result of dynamic or time-dependent events that occur on a molecular level among atoms, molecules, radicals and solid boundaries.
- Types of Combustion
- Rapid combustion
- When combustion occurs rapidly, it is called rapid combustion.
- Spontaneous combustion
- The types of combustion in which material suddenly bursts into flames, without the application of any apparent cause are called spontaneous combustion. Eg, the Burning of phosphorus.
- Complete combustion
- Complete combustion is the mixture of fuel with oxygen without remaining fuel over time, friction and high enough temperature to ignite all the fuel components.
- Incomplete combustion
- Incomplete combustion is typically caused by inadequate air-fuel mixing, insufficient residence time, insufficient temperature and low total excess air.
- Explosion
- When a sudden reaction takes place with the release of heat and light and the evolution of a large amount of gas takes place it is called an explosion. Eg, firecrackers.
- Rapid combustion
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Q.
Fill in the blanks :
[a] A reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a single substance is called a ___ reaction.
[b] A ___ is a substance which changes the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing a chemical change.
[c] The formation of gas bubbles in a liquid during a reaction is called___
[d] The reaction between an acid and a base is called ___
[e] Soluble bases are called ___
[f] The chemical change involving iron and hydrochloric acid illustrates a ___ reaction.
[g] In the type of reaction called ___ two compounds exchange their positive and negative radicals respectively.
[h] A catalyst either ___ or ___ the rate of a chemical change but itself remains ___ at the end of the reaction.
[i] The chemical reaction between hydogen and chlorine is a ___ reaction
[j] When a piece of copper is added to silver nitrate solutuions, it turns ___ in colour.
Solution
Combustion:
[1] Combustion is a chemical process in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen and gives off heat.
[2] The original substance is called the fuel, and the source of oxygen is called the oxidizer.
[3] Three things are required in proper combination before ignition and combustion can take place —heat, oxygen, and fuel.
[4] When substances react spontaneously with oxygen giving off heat and light, the heat released fuels the process further making the reaction violent and rapid.
[5] If nothing is done to control this process, it takes the shape of a fire.
Some examples are:
[1] Burning of Wax candle.
[2] Combustion of petrol in a car’s engine.
[3] Burning of natural gas in a bunsen burner.
Therefore, a chemical process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give off heat is called combustion.